PIF is an international puppet festival of largely professional puppet theatre groups. It is also a festival for any puppeteer or theatrician who uses puppetry as a means of artistic expression. Until now more than 450 theatres from all continents have participated. The festival is for both adults and children.
PIF has been held each year since 1968, so the festival has long tradition behind it. It is usualy held in the last week of August.
PIF host city is Zagreb, the capital of Croatia.
HISTORY
The Zagreb PIF was launched in a curious way. Young and enthusiastic Esperanto promoters gathered at the Student Esperanto Club had been trying since 1967 to organise some cultural events at which Esperanto would be the official language of communication. The most successful was the international puppet theatre festival (Pupteatra Internacia Festivalo in Esperanto, hence the abbreviation PIF), with four professional and one amateur theatre performing. It was held from 6 to 8 July, 1968 despite an extremely meagre budget. Since then it has been organised every year and sometimes in different towns, thus becoming more than the amateur organisation could bear. This is why members of the Esperanto club founded a professional institution - the International Cultural Centre - which became the organiser of PIF in 1972.
PIF has always been open to all forms of puppet expression, to all puppet techniques, all genres, all themes. In the early years there was only one requirement - that all plays be performed in Esperanto. However, very soon puppet theatre proved to be stronger than Esperanto and puppets started speaking the national languages of their animators, and above all they spoke the universal language of puppets understandable by everyone. The Esperanto part of the festival continues to exist, giving a special flavour to the festival and acknowledging gratitude to the enthusiasm and persistence of the founders of PIF.
PIF did not stay in Zagreb. It has travelled to Sisak, Varazdin, Karlovac, Pula and Ljubljana in Slovenia, as well as to the far north on two occasions when it went to Tromsų in Norway, Zagreb’s twin town. Unfortunately, the geographic distance was too great for the meetings held in 1978 and 1981 to become a permanent form of co-operation.
In 37 years of the festival more than 400 theatres from some forty countries from all continents have taken part. For five to seven days very different plays are performed - from traditional to completely new modern experimental shows - for children and adults. The plays are performed in numerous theatre halls, as well as in the streets and squares of Zagreb. They are observed by two juries: the children’s which observes all plays for children and chooses the best according to its taste, and an international jury of experts which follows all the performances at the festival and presents the main festival prize for the best play in its entirety, while also giving prizes for individual achievements. Since 1988 the main prize of the PIF has been named after the great man of the Croatian puppet theatre Milan Cecuk - the writer, actor, puppeteer, journalist, theoretician and historian of the puppet theatre and one of the founders of the PIF.
Along with the festival special seminars are offered on the making of puppets and animation. Puppet exhibitions are also organised, and a collection of scripts of all plays performed at the PIF is displayed.
The PIF’s worst moments were during the aggressive war against Croatia. Before the war the organisers had to try very hard to choose the best twenty out of some hundred theatres applying. In 1991 only a third of the planned programme remained. Organisers and audience alike will always remember with gratitude the Swiss group Pannalal’s Puppets and three Slovenian puppet theatres that preserved the PIF’s international character by their courageous arrival in Zagreb in the middle of the war.
